REFLECTIONS ON THE 200 YEARS OF THE HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61837/mbuir030125052mKeywords:
international organizations, position of international organizations, society of nations, international labor organization, United Nations Organization and League of Arab StatesAbstract
This paper deals with epistemological reflection on 200 years of history of international organizations. This paper addresses three key research questions: the role and position of international organizations in the contemporary international community; the reasons why international organizations continue to be established and why states choose to participate in them; and the identification of
the three primary drivers behind the creation of international organizations. Important literature that guides this research includes the works of eminent world authors on international organizations, as well as basic founding documents, work reports, resolutions and conventions of international organizations. The paper uses the hypothetical deductive method, as well as the method of analyzing the content of documents with the technique of qualitative analysis of the content of documents related to 200 years of work of international organizations. There are three main findings in the paper. The first, that states structured, organized and coordinated their relations, affairs and transactions through the institutional mechanism of international organizations. Second, that for 200 years states have tended to shape the international community by introducing international organizations as their preferred choice for
organizing them, and third that despite hostilities, states continue to transact through the international organizations in which they participate. The policy implications of the research findings suggest that today’s international community is so interconnected and complex that only a few countries can operate independently of international organizations. This reality has significant consequences for practical engagement in international relations, emphasizing the growing importance of multilateral cooperation and institutional frameworks.
References
https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/un-climate-conferences
J. G. Ruggie. (1993). Multilateralism Matters: The Theory and Praxis of an International Form: New York: Columbia University Press.
Case 52/75, Commission of the European Communities v Italian Republic, Judgment, 26 February 1976, [1976] ECR 277, para. 11, ECLI:EU:C:1976:29.
Gino Naldi & Konstantinos Magliveras, ‘The Right to Revoke Withdrawal Notices from International Organisations: The Case of Brexit and the
European Union’ [2021] 28:1 Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 30-58.
Ruth Wedgwood, Unilateral Action in a Multilateral World. (2002). In: S. Patrick & S. Forman (eds), Multilateralism and U.S. Foreign
Policy: Ambivalent Engagement, Lynne Rienner, p.p.167–189.
G. Hawkins, D. A. Lake, D. L. Nielson & M. J. Tierney. (2006). Delegation and Agency in International Organizations. New York: Cambridge University
Press.
Konstantinos Magliveras & Gino Naldi. (2023). The State of Palestine as a Sovereign Actor in the International Community: Implications for its Legal
Status. In. Sabella Abidde (ed.), Palestine, Taiwan, and Western Sahara: Statehood, Sovereignty, and the International System, p.p. 93-118. Lanham,
Mayland USA: Rowman & Littlefield / Lexington Books,
Konstantinos Magliveras & Gino Naldi. (2024). The African Union (AU). Third edition. Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands: Wolters Kluwer.
International Court of Justice, Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo, Advisory
Opinion, 22 July 2010, I.C.J. Reports 2010, p. 403.
The Letter of request for accession of the Republic of Kosovo to the Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 12 May 2022, Council of Europe, Secretariat of
the Committee of Ministers, DD(2022)200, 13 May 2022., without prejudice to the Committee of Ministers’ future consideration of this application to accede to the Council of Europe”, CM/Del/Dec(2023)1464bis/2.4, at: https://search.coe.int/cm/Pages/result_details.aspx?ObjectID=0900001680aaffdc.
Gino Naldi & Konstantinos Magliveras. [2023]. The East Mediterranean Gas Forum: A Regional Institution Struggling in the Mire of Energy
Insecurities. 20 International Organizations Law Review, p.p. 194–227.
https://www.dipublico.org/100513/final-act-of-the-congress-of-viennageneral-treaty-1815/
Robert Rie, Der Wiener Kongress und das Völkerrecht, Röhrscheid, 1957; Henry Strakosch, ‘The Place of the Congress of Vienna in the Growth
of International Law and Organisation’ [1964] 13 Indian Yearbook of International Affairs 184–206.
John Ikenberry, After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Order After Major Wars. Princeton University Press, 2000.
Daniel Bodansky. (2012). What’s in a Concept? Global Public Goods, International Law, and Legitimacy, 23 European Journal of International
Law 651–668.
Gregory Shaffer. (2012), International Law and Global Public Goods in a Legal Pluralist World, 23 European Journal of International Law 669–693.
Agreement of 16 December 2014 on Extending the Jurisdiction of the Administrative Tribunal of the Council of Europe to Officials of the Central
Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine (CCNR), text at: https://rm.coe.int/16800ce0a5.
Resolution CM/Res(2022)65 of 16 November 2022) and entered into force on 1 January 2023, at: https://www.coe.int/en/web/tribunal/statute.
Agreement between the United Nations and the International Labour Organization signed on signed on 30 May 1946, at: https://www.ilo.org/ wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---jur/documents/genericdocument/wcms_433792.pdf.
Article 57 of the UN Charter and the Resolution of the International Labour Conference adopted on 3 November 1945 confirming the desire to enter into relationship with the UN. https://www.refworld.org/legal/constinstr/las/1945/en/13854.
The Final Act of the Conference, signed in Helsinki, Finland on 1 August 1975, at: https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/5/c/39501.pdf.
Paul S. Reinsch, ‘International Unions and Their Administration’, [1907] 1 The American Journal of International Law 579-623, 579.
Douglas Howland, “An Alternative Mode of International Order: The International Administrative Union in the Nineteenth Century” [2015] 41 Review of International Studies 161-183.
https://search.itu.int/history/HistoryDigitalCollectionDocLibrary/4.1.43.fr.200.pdf.
https://www.itu.int/en/history/Pages/pre1865agreements.aspx.
See International Telecommunication Conven tion, sig ned in Madrid on 9 December 1932, https://search.itu.int/history/HistoryDigitalCollection
DocLibrary/4.5.43.en.100.pdf.
The Article 8 thereof, the Madrid Convention abrogated and replaced previous Conventions, including the ones signed in Paris (1865) and in
Vienna (1868).
Gino Naldi & Konstantinos Magliveras. (2014). The Law and Practice Regarding Denunciation of Treaties and Withdrawal from International
Organisations with Specific Reference to Human Rights. XXXIII Polish Yearbook of International Law, p.p. 95-127.
International Telecommunication Union, Collection of the basic texts of the adopted by the Plenipotentiary Conference, Edition 2023,
Geneva, 2023, at: https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/opb/conf/S-CONF-PLEN-2022-PDF-E.pdf.
Christoph Schreuer. (1997]. The Wanning of the Sovereign State: Towards a New Paradigm for International Law? 4 European Journal of
International Law 447-471, 452.
